2. The Pacific Ocean is shrinking while the Atlantic Ocean is expanding. Which type of plate boundary must be involved in each location?
–Pacific Ocean, convergent; Atlantic Ocean, divergent

3. The theory of plate tectonics explains the movement of the plates by convection cells in which of the following layers?
–upper mantle

4. Which of the following may occur at a transform plate boundary?
–earthquakes

5.Earthquakes are detected by which of the following?
–seismograph

6.Which of the following statements about S waves is true?
–S waves are also called secondary waves.

7. Why is coal not a mineral?
–it is organic, non-homogeneous, and non-crystal structure.
–ans :because it is organic

8. In a laboratory, you scratch an unknown mineral on a piece of unglazed porcelain. Which property are you trying to determine?
–streak

9. Which of the following best describes an igneous rock that formed from cooling lava?
–fine grained

10. Sedimentary rocks that form from evaporating seawater are classified as __________
–chemical

11. How do metamorphic rocks form?
–change due to heat and pressure

12. Which of the following is an example of chemical weathering?
–Acid rain discolors and disfigures a limestone statue.

14. The sun’s energy hits earth’s surface at the most direct angle at which of the following locations?
–equator

15. Why does temperature increase with altitude through the stratosphere?
–The ozone layer is found in the stratosphere.

16.Which gas is the most abundant in earth’s current atmosphere?
–nitrogen

17. Which of the following was a major source of atmospheric oxygen?
–photosynthesis

18. What does a barometer measure?
–atmospheric pressure

19. If heat energy is transferred from direct contact between a warm object and a cold object, it has been transferred by __________.
–conduction

20. What causes the Coriolis effect?
–earth’s rotation

21.The flow of air from land to a body of water is called a(n) __________
–land breeze

22. Which of the following statements is most accurate?
–Warm air is less dense than cold air.

23. Which of the following best describes the thermosphere?
–The atmosphere is so thin that gas molecules rarely contact each other.

24. Tomorrow will be sunny with high clouds. What does this statement describe?
–the weather

25. Which of the following is one of the defining features of a hurricane?
–funnel cloud
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